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Regioni-class cruiser
The Regioni class was a group of six protected cruisers built for the Italian ''Regia Marina'' (Royal Navy) in the late 1880s through the early 1900s. The class comprised , , , , , and , all of which were named for regions of Italy with the exception of ''Elba'', which was named for the island.〔"Lombardia"〕 The class is sometimes referred as the ''Umbria'' class, for the first ship to be laid down. The ships, built by four different shipyards, varied slightly in their size, speed, and armament, but all could steam at about and their main armament consisted of four guns and six guns.
The ships served in a variety of roles throughout their careers, including scouts for the main fleet, colonial cruisers, and representatives of Italy at major foreign events. ''Elba'' observed the Russo-Japanese War, including the Battle of Chemulpo Bay in 1904, where she picked up Russian survivors. ''Lombardia'' was converted into a depot ship for submarines in 1906. ''Elba'' and ''Liguria'' were equipped with observation balloons in 1907–1908. In 1910, ''Umbria'' was sold to Haiti and renamed ''Consul Gostrück'', though she quickly sank under the care of her inexperienced crew. The remaining ships, except for ''Lombardia'', took part in the Italo-Turkish War in 1911–12, where they provided gunfire support to Italian troops, bombarded Ottoman ports, and instituted a blockade in the Red Sea.
By World War I, most of the ships had been withdrawn to secondary roles, with ''Elba'' having been converted into a seaplane tender. ''Puglia'' was the only member of the class to take an active role, based out of Durazzo. ''Etruria'' was deliberately blown up by the ''Regia Marina'' as a deception operation against Austria-Hungary. The remaining ships were broken up for scrap in the early 1920s, though the bow section of ''Puglia'' was preserved at the Vittoriale degli italiani museum.
==Design==
The design for the Regioni class, sometimes referred to as the ''Umbria'' class after the lead ship, was prepared by the naval architect Edoardo Masdea, and it was the first protected cruiser designed in Italy. All previous ships of the type had been designed in Britain, or in the case of the , enlarged copies of the British-designed . As a first attempt, the ships of the Regioni class proved to be a disappointment, owing to their slow speed and insufficient armor protection.〔Gardiner, pp. 348–9〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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